Productivity and Profitability of Organic Farming Systems in East Africa, commissioned by the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements, and part of the second phase of the Organic Standards and Certification Capacity in East Africa (OSEA) project, which is funded by the Swedish government, reviewed studies on organic farming in East Africa (Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda, and Burundi). Research on organic farming in East Africa is very limited, and the available data points to significant yield increases (100 percent) when smallholders use organic agriculture practices. Furthermore, those farmers who offer certified organic exports were more profitable than those using only conventional production.